Mothers who witnessed how well their newborns accepted these easily prepared formulas were often convinced to continue this practice at home.
Moreover, although pediatricians did not dissuade mothers from nursing, it was not strongly encouraged, as it is today. The American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition first made recommendations for vitamins and mineral levels for infant formulas in These recommendations have been revised periodically.
In , the committee endorsed iron fortification of infant formula; in the years that followed, the incidence of iron deficiency anemia dropped strikingly. In and , cases of hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis in infants, resulting from consumption of two soy formulas, Neo-Mull-Soy and Cho Free produced by Syntex, Inc. This prompted the passage of the Infant Formula Act of , which set maximum and minimum standards for many nutrients in formulas and mandated testing and manufacturing standards as well.
Perhaps the greatest achievement of nutrition research over the past several decades has been the introduction of specialty formulas and human milk modifiers used to feed premature and very low-birthweight infants.
For term and near-term infants, formula manufacturers have continued to improve their "standard" formulas to more closely resemble breast milk. Both Mead Johnson's and Ross's formulas contain added nucleotides in amounts similar to those in breast milk, and this year both companies have introduced formulas that contain long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Over the past few years, these two companies also have begun marketing "niche" formulas, including lactose-free formulas both companies , a soy formula with dietary fiber to hasten recovery from gastroenteritis Ross , and a formula with rice starch for babies with reflux Mead Johnson.
Today's young infants are the beneficiaries of a long and complicated history of infant formula. While we continue to encourage mothers to breastfeed their infants, babies who are fed formula from birth or are weaned to formula from breast milk receive the best nutrition medical science has to offer. The author thanks Virginia A. Mason for her assistance in preparing the manuscript of this article.
Philadelphia, BC Decker, Madison, Wis. Marriot WM, Schoenthal L: An experimental study of the use of unsweetened evaporated milk for the preparation of infant feeding formulas. Arch Pediatr ; American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Nutrition: Proposed changes in food and drug administration regulations concerning formula products and vitamin-mineral dietary supplements for infants.
Pediatrics ; Answer: b. Answer: c. According to the Ross Mothers' Survey, Answer: a. Powder is the most economical formula preparation. Infants with diarrhea are often given Pedialyte Ross before they resume regular formula. When was Pedialyte introduced?
Supermarkets b. Pharmacies c. Mass merchandisers Walmart, Costco, etc. Gerber introduced its own brand of infant formula in that vanished from store shelves in Who manufactured Gerber's formula? According to USDA data, which brand of milk-based powder is the most expensive? PBM Parents' Choice b. Similac c. Similac Ross. Prosobee b. Prosobee Mead Johnson. Its first chairman was Charles D. Its charge was as follows:.
The Committee on Nutrition initially published educational reports; it did not begin publishing policy statements until the mids. The committee provided invaluable assistance to the Food and Drug Administration FDA by defining nutritional requirements for infant formulas. Its recommendations for levels of nutrientsin infant formula was used by the FDA to createthe regulation establishing the minimum requirements for fat, protein, linoleic acid, and17 vitamins and minerals in formula.
After an outbreak of chloride deficiency in infants fed certain formulas see article , the Committee on Nutrition revised its recommendations regarding nutrient content. The Infant Formula Act of gave the FDA authority to regulate the labeling of infant formula and establish quality control rules and regulations governing formula manufacturing.
The act was revised in , based on recommendations from the Committee on Nutrition, to include minimum concentrations of 29 nutrients and maximum concentrations of nine nutrients in infant formula. The committee continues to play an important role in pediatric nutrition by issuing policy statements as new information becomes available and publishing the Pediatric Nutrition Handbook.
Now in its fourth edition, the handbook provides pediatricians with information on a wide variety of nutrition topics. Recent policy statements from the committee have addressed iron fortification of infant formula , , , the use of hypoallergenic infant formulas , breastfeeding and the use of human milk , soy-protein-based formulas , , and the use and misuse of fruit juice Iodine, mcg.
Selenium, mcg. Sodium, mg. Sodium, mEq. Potassium, mg. Potassium, mEq. Chloride, mg. Chloride, mEq. Nutrient Data Nutrient Data. Product Comparison. What is the difference between Similac Organic vs other formula types?
Complete Nutrition for Infants. Has DHA, lutein, and vitamin E. Made with Organic A2 Milk. Add To Cart Find a Retailer.
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Which formula is best for my baby? Mild-tolerance formula Sensitive infant formula If your little one shows signs of a sensitive tummy, like fussiness, gas, or mild spit-up, sensitive formulas are designed to help. They contain carbohydrates such as maltodextrins, instead of lactose, making them suitable for infants who may be sensitive to lactose.
This type of formula is also good for babies with lactose sensitivity. Soy-based formula If your baby has fussiness or gas when feeding with other formulas, you might want to try a soy-based formula. Soy-based formulas have been clinically shown to support growth and help reduce fussiness and gas. Your doctor may also recommend a soy formula if your baby has galactosemia. Vegan families often prefer a soy-based formula for their babies.
Specialized nutrition baby formula If your baby has a food allergy or other specific nutrition needs, specialized nutrition formulas can help meet his needs. Organic baby formula Organic formulas contain the same ingredients you would find in a standard, milk-based, iron-fortified formula.
Toddler formula As your baby grows into a toddler and you start introducing new foods, picky eaters may miss out on some important nutrients. Baby formula preparation types. Ready-to-feed formula This type of formula is convenient and ready to use, and it requires no water or mixing. Concentrated liquid formula A type of liquid formula that comes in a can and mixes easily with water—just add one part water to one part concentrate. How do I know how much formula to feed and when to feed my newborn?
Is formula ever bad or unsafe for my baby? Preparing: Be sure not to add too much water. Once prepared, either feed or refrigerate the formula immediately. To help reduce waste, mix smaller portions and refill if necessary. And make sure to follow the storage instructions on the formula label.
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